NITRO-EXPLOSIVES.

Sorptive removal of nitro explosives and metals using biochar.

The feasibility of using biochar as a sorbent to remove nitro explosives and metals from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared with granular activated carbon, biochar was competitive as a sorbent for removing Cd, Cu, Pb, and ...

Factors affecting sorption of nitro explosives to biochar: pyrolysis temperature, surface treatment, competition, and dissolved metals.

The application of rice straw-derived biochar for removing nitro explosives, including 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. An increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 250 to 900°C in general led to higher pH, surface area, cation exchange capacity (CEC), po...

Trace detection of nitro aromatic explosives by highly fluorescent g-C3N4 nanosheets.

Highly fluorescent g-C3N4 nanosheets were facilely fabricated by exfoliating bulk g-C3N4 under ultrasonic irradiation for 1 h. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) image shows that the resultant g-C3N4 nanosheets are ∼6-14 nm thick, and the suspension is stable in air for several weeks. Remarkably, the obtained nanosheets exhibited strong fluorescence with an extremely high quantum yield (QY) up t...

Identification of Metabolic Routes and Catabolic Enzymes Involved in Phytoremediation of the Nitro- Substituted Explosives TNT, RDX, and HMX

Destruction of peroxide explosives.

Chemicals containing multiple peroxide functionalities, such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP), diacetone diperoxide (DADP), or hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), can be explosive. They are impractical and are not used by legitimate military groups because they are shock and heat sensitive compared to military explosives. They are attractive to terrorists because synthesis is straightforw...